1. Bills, Resolutions
2. Letters & Reports
3. Hearings & Markups
4. Selected Members on the Record
5. Selected Media & Press releases/Statements
New episodes of FMEP’s Occupied Thoughts podcast:
- 11/4/26: Jewish Anti-Zionism: A conversation with Shaul Magid and Zev Mishell, ft. FMEP Fellow Ahmed Moor in conversation with Shaul Magid and Zev Mishell about their new book, Jewish Anti-Zionism: A Historical Anthology (Princeton University Press 2026). They discuss the definitions of Zionism and anti-Zionism, the history of Jewish opposition to Zionism, and how those arguments have been projected into the present day.
- 11/3/26: How Israel Used the Election as Cover to Attack Hebron, ft. FMEP Fellow Peter Beinart in conversation with Hebron resident & activist Issa Amro about what is happening now in the West Bank and specifically in Hebron, where Israel recently launched a major incursion that forced thousands of people from their homes. They discuss how Israel’s behavior in Hebron has changed and the impact of settler outposts moving into Palestinian-controlled parts of the West Bank (Area B). They also discuss what kind of international sanctions can end Israel’s occupation. Issa recently published this article, “In Hebron, Netanyahu is turning displacement into an election spectacle,” in +972 Magazine.
- 10/30/26: Solidarity Work in the Face of Settler Terror in the West Bank, ft. FMEP Fellow Ahmed Moor in conversation with Rabbi Sarah Brammer-Shlay of Rabbis for a Ceasefire and Oriel Eisner of the Center for Jewish Nonviolence. They talk about the activists who join with Palestinians in the West Bank, especially now during the olive harvest, looking at the difference in the framing of “protective presence” versus solidarity work. They discuss the nature of Israel settler violence and its impact on Palestinian livelihoods and look at the possible role of sanctions in producing a different future in Palestine/Israel.
1. Bills & Resolutions
Middle East Eye 11/4/26: Inspired by UK sanctions on Israel, US Democrats want to work with Labour [“...Democrats have told MEE that they plan to take advantage of their new hold over Congress to introduce sanctions aimed at settlers in the occupied West Bank, which would be in line with British sanctions introduced last month.“]
—–
Articles/posts related to pending legislation:
- X-post by CIP’s Dylan Williams 11/2/26: “NEW: Most Israelis think settlement policy should change to avoid sanctions, with those feeling that they’d suffer a personal price more likely to back change. It’s proof that the approach of @JoaquinCastrotx’s ‘Stop the Settlements Act’ can be effective.” Linked to: Most Israelis think settlements policy should change to avoid more sanctions, poll finds (The Guardian 11/2/26)
2. Letters & Reports
(FREE PALESTINIAN CITIZEN ISRAEL/JOURNO ARRESTED BY ISRAEL) 11/6/26: Newly Elected Jewish House Members Call for Release of Detained Palestinian Journalist (Jewish Currents 11/6/26) [letter text]
(KUSHNER’S CONFLICTS OF INTEREST) 10/30/26: Ranking Member Raskin Demands Jared Kushner Recuse from U.S. Envoy Role in Russia and Iran Conflicts Amid Explosive Reports of Secret Middle Eastern Slush Funds and Phone Hacking by Russian Intelligence Service [letter text]
3. Hearings & Markups
November 10, 2026: The Senate Judiciary Committee will hold an Executive Business Meeting at which, among other things, it will consider S. 5289, introduced by Cruz (R-TX) and Slotkin (D-MI), the “Right to Worship Act.” As reported in the 8/7/26 edition of the Round-Up:
“This legislation is ostensibly intended to prevent the disruption of and/or attendance at religious services at houses of worship [hence the name: Right to Worship Act]. HOWEVER, it should be kept in mind that there have been protests/disruptions targeting houses of worship for many years [in particular anti-LGBTQ+ protests], without Congress taking action. What’s driving action today is something totally different, and that has nothing to do with the right to worship. A key driver (arguably THEY key driver) of this legislation is the goal of preventing protest of events held at houses of worship that have nothing to do with religious services — i.e., protesting real estate fairs held at U.S. synagogues, at which real estate in Israeli settlements is being marketed. The press release from the ADL – a key proponent of this legislation – touting the bills makes this crystal clear: it cites as evidence for why the legislation is needed, protests of two Israel real estate events held at synagogues; one on a Tuesday night, the other on a Monday night — neither on Shabbat nor in any way in conjunction with religious worship — unless one had decided to officially pervert the definition of Jewish religious worship to include the marketing/purchase of real estate in Israel and/or settlements. With this in mind, the bill’s definition of what qualifies as a “religious service” is key. That definition reads: “The term ‘religious service’ includes any collective worship or prayer service, class, or other event [emphasis added], at which individuals congregate to worship, study, or otherwise exercise, their religion [emphasis added].” Should this bill pass into law, the question will be: will U.S. law enforcement adopt the conflation of support for Israel/Zionism with Jewish religious practice, and therefore treat Israeli real estate fairs – at which land in West Bank settlements is being marketed/sold – as “religious services” at which protest will be criminalized?”
4. Selected Members on the Record
Israel/AIPAC/Islamophobia in US elex/politics
- Fine (R-FL) 11/5/26: X-post – “Florida will fight Muslim terror without apology. I will continue to fight it nationally.”
- Khanna (D-CA) 11/4/26: X-post w/ video clip – “Democrats just won back Congress! Here’s what we need to deliver: No new funding for the war in Iran | $25 an hour minimum wage | Medicare for All | Zero aid to Israel, stop military sales“
- Lander (newly elected D-NY) 11/4/26: X-post – “Minister Lapid: As someone who won a seat in Congress last night, and who cares about Israel: you’re not listening to what American voters – Jewish and non-Jewish – are saying. We aren’t starving for a barnstorming tour. We’re hungry to see respect for international law and human rights.”
- Fine (R-FL) 11/3/26: X-post – “I won! I was the first Republican victory called! And it appears the win, once Election Day votes come in, will be a far larger margin than my 14 point special election victory last year! I am humbled and grateful for the overwhelming support from the people of Volusia, Flagler, St. Johns, Lake, Marion, and Putnam counties, particularly after weathering $20 million in attacks against me over the past two years, including the most expensive hard-money election of the cycle and the most expensive Republican primary survived by the incumbent. Almost none of that money came from my district. Millions came from the supporters of Muslim terror, self described Nazis, foreign countries, and out-of-state donors fearful of someone willing to meet them on the battlefield of ideas and debate. They should be afraid. With this mandate, I will double down to fight the rising threat of communism and Islamization, to make sure our children grow up in a country we can recognize, and to deport every single illegal. No exceptions. The people have spoken. The Hebrew Hammer is coming back.”
- Coons (D-DE) 11/3/26: X-post – “As the U.S. goes to the polls today, I am encouraged by statements from Israeli leaders following last week’s election. They are signaling a potential path forward that could set Israel on a positive new trajectory. While uncertainty remains, I applaud Gadi Eisenkot and other Israeli opposition leaders for their willingness to make courageous choices. Core values as democratic societies form the basis of our partnership, and we know protecting them is worth the effort.” Reply from CIP’s Matt Duss 11/3/26: “I agree that there are positive signs, but a new trajectory requires a meaningful change in policies, not just personalities. That is what should determine the future of the relationship.”
- Sanders (I-VT) 11/3/26: X-post – “AIPAC spent $30 million against Abdul El-Sayed in the primary. Then they dropped another $9 million to support Mike Rogers. Here’s the good news. In response to AIPAC, ordinary Americans donated $12 million to Abdul. They have the money. We have the people. Let’s win.”
- Self (R-TX) 11/3/26: X-post – “Foreign nations have poured money into advancing Sharia law and radical Islam, building networks to expand their influence within our country. We must confront foreign efforts to undermine our sovereignty and constitutional freedoms.”
- Self (R-TX) 11/2/26: X-post – “What is the punishment for leaving Islam? Death. That is barbaric and completely incompatible with the U.S. Constitution. Sharia has no place in America!”
- Fine (R-FL) 11/2/26: X-post – “If the Muslim terror supporter loses in Michigan, mainstream Muslim New York Times writer threatens pro-Israel Democrats. ‘The fire will rise.’ ’The reckoning will come.’ These people are incompatible with America. Deport them all.”
- Lawler (R-NY) 11/1/26: X-post – “The only despicable betrayal is by Sen Schumer, a complete Shanda, who has thrown the Jewish people under the bus in his pursuit of power. Supporting a vile antisemite like El-Sayed, because for Chuck Schumer being a Democrat matters more than standing up for the Jewish people.”
- Gottheimer (D-NJ) 10/31/26: X-post – “This isn’t about Haley Stevens. It’s about the basic question she raised: Why won’t El-Sayed just condemn the Jew-hating ad? News flash: You can be for lower costs and stand up to hate at the same time.”
- Roy (R-TX) 10/30/26: X-post – “Rep. Roy: ‘El-Sayed has had very clear and obvious ties and connections to the Muslim Brotherhood and CAIR. We should be labeling them a terrorist organization. I’ve introduced legislation to do exactly that.’”
Trump Announcement He Plans to End Aid to Israel
- Sherman (D-CA) 11/5/26: X-post – “In 2016, President Obama signed a Memorandum of Understanding to provide Israel with military aid through 2028 – aid that is spent right here at home and supports thousands of American jobs. Israel faces extraordinary threats to its security and has been America’s most important ally in the Middle East. Israel spends nearly four times as much on its own GDP on defense than the rest of our allies. Donald Trump’s isolationism will only make America weaker on the world stage.” Comment from IMEU’s Tariq Kenney-Shawa – “They just handed their comms intern a 2012 AIPAC messaging handbook and said ‘good luck.’”
- Hamadeh (R-AZ) 11/3/26: X-post – “President Trump is right: the future of our relationship with Israel has to be Trade, not Aid. That’s the message Congressman Hamadeh and @RepStutzman delivered to Prime Minister Netanyahu in Jerusalem earlier this year, when they laid out the case for ending the $3.8 billion in annual military aid so Israel buys American weapons and defense technology with its own money. America First has never meant America alone. It means strong partners, not permanent dependents. Peace through strength. Commerce, not blank checks. That’s how we put the American people first.”
- Green (D-TX) 11/3/26: X-post – “IN CASE YOU MISSED IT: The Newsweek article below, titled “Donald Trump Announces End to Israel Payments As Americans Head to Polls,” speaks for itself. You can access the article by clicking the link here:” article link
- Massie (R-KY) 11/3/26: X-post – “This would be a start, but… 1) It’s pennies on the dollar. We’ve spent over $50 billion on the War with Iran on behalf of Israel. 2) The same American taxpayer funds will just flow through as military assistance/coordination instead of as a separate line item in the appropriations bills. 3) They spent $30 million against me because I was the only remaining Republican to oppose this foreign aid. You’d have to be a fool to think they’re going to end this. It’s a desperate Election Day lie.”
- Hamadeh (R-AZ) 11/3/26: X-post – “President Trump is right: the future of our relationship with Israel has to be Trade, not Aid. That’s the message Congressman Hamadeh and @RepStutzman delivered to Prime Minister Netanyahu in Jerusalem earlier this year, when they laid out the case for ending the $3.8 billion in annual military aid so Israel buys American weapons and defense technology with its own money. America First has never meant America alone. It means strong partners, not permanent dependents. Peace through strength. Commerce, not blank checks. That’s how we put the American people first.” Response from A New Policy 11/3/26: X-post – “Nice try. Ending military assistance to Israel doesn’t mean shifting it to the defense budget where it can be more easily hidden. It means ending it.”
- Hamadeh (R-AZ) 11/3/26: press release – Congressman Abe Hamadeh Applauds Trump Administration’s Shift from Aid to Trade with Israel [“President Trump’s announcement to end aid to Israel mirrors House Resolution introduced By Congressman Hamadeh”]
- Khanna (D-CA) 11/3/26: X-post – “Trump just announced he will zero out aid to Israel. Establishment Democrats spent two years telling us this is too radical. Progressives won the debate. Zero aid to Israel and no more military sales.”
Palestine Lives/Rights
- Castro (D-TX) 11/5/26: X-post w/ video clip – “The American people expect Congress to no longer turn a blind eye to the horrors taking place in Gaza and the violent land grab happening in the West Bank. That’s why I’m carrying the Stop the Settlements Act to impose sanctions on any individual or institution driving settlements in the West Bank or Gaza. Under our new Democratic Majority, it should be taken up for a vote in the new Congress.”
- Goldman (D-NY) 11/5/26: X-post – “I get asked all the time if I condemn the extremist Israeli settlers in the West Bank. The difference? I have consistently condemned them for years, because I don’t support extremists of any kind, including from my own religion. It shouldn’t be that hard to condemn terrorists regardless of their religion.”
- Ramirez (D-IL) 11/5/26: X-post – “The genocide has not ended. The Israeli military continues to drop U.S.-made bombs in Gaza, murdering children, devastating families, and destroying what is left of Gaza. Congress must act to save Palestinians’ lives and hold warmongers accountable. That starts by passing my Block the Bombs Act.”
- Lander (newly elected D-NY) 11/4/26: X-post – “Yesterday, 15 masked Israeli police and Shin Bet officers abducted journalist Abed Abu Shehadeh, a Palestinian citizen of Israel, and someone deeply committed to nonviolence and coexistence. Many of my soon-to-be constituents got to meet Shehadeh in person just last month, some of us at the Jewish Currents conference in Brooklyn, some on a synagogue tour in Israel at his home in Jaffa. Last night, we decisively rejected Trump & ICE’s regime of detention without charges, based on secret evidence, designed to intimidate and chill speech. We reject the same in Israel. So, if you truly want to build trust with us, here’s a good step for today: call and work for Shehadeh’s immediate release.”
- Pressley (D-MA) 11/2/26: X-post – “The Israeli govt is still carrying out a genocide in Gaza. Their starvation, targeting, & murdering of Palestinians is still happening in broad daylight despite the so-called “ceasefire” in the region. We must continue pushing to save lives & for a true, just, & lasting peace.”
Free Speech/Right to Protest for Palestinian Lives/Rights; Conflating Criticism of Israel w/ Antisemitism & support for terror
- Boyle (D-PA) 11/5/26: X-post – “Every American has the right to peacefully protest policies of any government, and that includes Israel. But targeting a business just because the owner is Jewish is wrong. It is antisemitism. My statement on the planned boycott of Jewish-owned businesses in Philly” [full statement in pic]
- Gottheimer (D-NJ) 11/4/26: X-post – “Just one day before the anniversary of Kristalnacht, anti-Israel groups in Philadelphia have planned a “Boycott Ride” aimed at forcing Jewish and Israeli-owned businesses out of the city. We must stand proudly with these businesses and reject antisemitic hate in our communities, plain and simple.”
- Mace (R-SC) 11/3/26: X-post – “We introduced the No Amnesty for Hamas Sympathizers Act to close the pathways into America for individuals who lived in the Palestinian-administered territories of Gaza or Judea and Samaria, or who hold Palestinian Authority travel documents. Under our bill, these individuals would be ineligible for Temporary Protected Status, asylum, refugee status, and parole. They would also be inadmissible to the United States and deportable if already here. The February 2024 presidential memo shielding certain Palestinians from deportation, along with the work permits tied to it, would be wiped off the books. And any covered green card holder who commits a crime of violence would lose permanent residency. Hamas is a terrorist organization. Anyone celebrating terrorism has no business on American soil.”
- Tlaib (D-MI) 10/30/26: X-post – “Ya’akub Vijandre was arrested by ICE for speaking up against genocide. When one person’s civil rights are violated, all of ours are endangered. Even in detention, Ya’akub continues to speak out. Read his powerful story:” Linked to USA Today article
Other Stuff
- Cornyn (R-TX) 11/3/26: X-post – “Facilitating smarter security cooperation between Israel and key Arab states will remain a crucial American objective, but there is another country that has a role to play. Indian and American interests are broadly aligned in the Middle East. Besides securing energy supplies, India cares deeply about the millions of its citizens who work in the Persian Gulf. Deepening defense and tech ties with Israel and shared concerns about terrorism commit India to promoting cooperation between Arabs and Israelis.”
5. Selected Media
Islamophobia, Attacks on Muslim- & Arab-Americans in the Midterm Elex
- CAIR 11/4/26: CAIR, CAIR Action Exit Poll: Gaza Genocide, Iran War, Economy, and Islamophobia Shaped Muslim Vote
Israel/AIPAC in US elex & politics – GENERAL (POST-ELECTION)
- Haaretz 11/6/26: The Real Challenge El-Sayed Poses for Jews Is Populism, Not Antisemitism [“Abdul El-Sayed won the Michigan Senate race in part by making Israel a pocketbook issue. Others may follow his playbook“]
- Jewish Insider 11/6/26: Silver linings playbook for pro-Israel allies in next Congress [“The faction of DSA-aligned members may be growing, but their share of the caucus is diluted and their ability to exert leverage on likely incoming Speaker Hakeem Jeffries is now all but nonexistent”]
- The Guardian 11/6/26: There is a showdown looming in the Democratic party over support for Israel [“Even Donald Trump has acknowledged that support for Israel is increasingly a political liability in US politics. Will the Democratic leadership listen?“]
- Jewish Insider 11/6/26: Campus antisemitism crackdown faces uncertain future after Democratic sweep, Dhillon exit [“Amid the reshuffle, advocates say the big uncertainty is whether the administration will continue prioritizing the issue at all“]
- Palestine Chronicle 11/5/26: Who Won? Palestinian Americans and Palestine Advocates in the US Midterms
- Combat Antisemitism 11/5/26: Analysis: The American Right Won’t Win by Turning Its Back on Israel
- Jewish News Syndicate 11/5/26: ‘Pretty clear’ midterms were win for Dem Party, not socialists, Gottheimer tells JNS [“While several anti-Israel candidates were elected, Gottheimer, a leading supporter of the Jewish state, said that the majority of his party would have a different agenda than focusing on the Middle East when Democrats take over both houses of Congress in January.“]
- Jewish News Syndicate 11/5/26: Mamdani says new members of Congress elected with mandate to ‘build not bomb’
- Jewish News Syndicate 11/5/26: US close to a ‘danger point’ with new class of politicians who hate Israel and Jews, experts say [experts like: Mort Klein (ZOA), Sam Markstein (RJC), and Mark Goldfeder (National Jewish Advocacy Center)]
- Jewish Insider 11/5/26: Suozzi: Trump needs to bring Congress, allies in on Iran war discussions
- The Intercept 11/5/26: Abdul El-Sayed Won His Senate Seat With a Mandate on Palestine. Can He Deliver? [“The new senator from Michigan will face an uphill battle if he wants to transform the U.S. relationship with Israel. But he has options — and public pressure.”]
- Jewish News Syndicate 11/5/26: Israeli experts divided on whether Netanyahu is best leader with Dems poised to take over Congress
- Jewish Insider 11/5/26: Israeli center left hopes to salvage U.S.-Israel relationship after Dem landslide [“But even as center-left leader Yair Lapid extended a hand, one of the voices of the party’s progressive wing rejected the goodwill”]
- The Nation 11/5/26: Democrats Would Be Insane Not to Break With Israel Now [“The party has an unequivocal mandate to fundamentally change the US-Israel relationship.”]
- Jewish Insider 11/5/26: Suozzi: Trump needs to bring Congress, allies in on Iran war discussions [“The moderate Long Island Democrat said that the size of the party’s House majority will prevent any one faction or lawmaker — far-left or moderate — from holding the caucus ‘hostage’”]
- Clash Report 11/5/26: These Are the Candidates AIPAC Bet Against. And Lost [“From Abdul El-Sayed’s Senate victory to progressive House gains, candidates challenging U.S. support for Israel survived AIPAC-linked spending. The defeats exposed limits to a network that still reaches across Congress.”]
- The Forward 11/5/26: Jews cared more about Israel and antisemitism this election – but it didn’t change their votes much, exit poll shows [“The J Street-sponsored survey found that nearly a third of Jewish voters agreed with candidates who accused Israel of genocide and called for ending U.S. aid“]
- The Forward 11/5/26: El-Sayed’s Senate election has divided Michigan Jews. What will bring them together? [“The senator-elect’s victory is forcing some of the state’s Jewish community to reassess their approach“]
- Politico 11/5/26: AIPAC’s dwindling allies in Congress – More than 30 of the bipartisan group’s preferred candidates lost in this week’s midterm elections.
- Politico 11/5/26: Meeks launches bid to chair Foreign Affairs again [“Meeks is not expected to face a challenger despite sharp divisions within the party over issues like military aid for Israel, and his letter did not mention any of those policy disputes.“]
- The Forward 11/5/26: I’m glad El-Sayed won – but I wish he’d lost [“Many Jewish Democrats wanted a Democratic Senate without Michigan’s new senator“]
- J Street 11/5/26: J Street 2026 Midterm Poll Finds Strong, Enduring Jewish Support for Democratic Party [“New Poll: 72% of Jewish Voters Backed Democrats in Midterms; 76% Disapprove of Trump; Majorities Say Israeli Actions in Gaza and the West Bank (80%) and AIPAC’s Campaign Spending Against Israel Critics (66%) Increase Antisemitism“]
- Arab Center Washington DC 11/5/26: Democrats Sweep Congress: Implications for the Middle East and US Foreign Policy
- Times of Israel 11/5/26: ‘We are just getting started’: Midterm blowout normalizes anti-Zionism in Democratic politics [“Incoming Congress members will keep up the pressure on Israel and its supporters and further anti-Israel politics, despite the party’s moderate majority“]
- The Forward/JTA 11/5/26: Liberal Jews hail wave of Democratic victories a day after the election [“Moderate, conservative voices warn of the normalization of ‘untethered’ attacks on Israel”]
- The Forward 11/5/26: Republicans made inroads with Jewish voters. Democrats won anyway.
- Jewish Insider 11/5/26: Democratic Senate sweep puts Schumer back in the saddle
- Jewish Insider 11/5/26: Democratic sweep raises questions for U.S.-Israel ties and Iran war [“Analysts say the incoming majorities could push to link arms sales to Israeli conduct and move quickly on war powers to end the conflict”]
- Times of Israel 11/5/26: Democrats’ sweep triggers countdown to end Iran war, and dooms US-Israel ties under Netanyahu
- Jewish Telegraphic Agency 11/5/26: From Israel hawks to ‘genocide’: The Jewish center no longer holds in Congress – A once-cohesive bipartisan Jewish caucus is now frequently at odds with itself.
- Great Reporter 11/5/26: Gaza Changed Everything: Did Israel’s Genocide There Destroy the American Political Shield That Protected It? [“The war in Gaza has done more than devastate the Palestinian territory. It has transformed American attitudes towards Israel, turned military aid into an electoral issue and placed unprecedented pressure on AIPAC, once regarded as one of the most formidable forces in US politics. The question now is whether Gaza has begun dismantling the American political consensus that protected Israel for generations.”]
- The New Arab 11/5/26: AIPAC hails US midterm wins despite costly election defeats
- Middle East Eye 11/5/26: Aipac spent $55m on losing congressional candidates in midterm elections: Report
- Hoodline 11/5/26: AIPAC Claims 234 Midterm Wins, But Spent Millions on Losing Races Too
- Jewish Telegraphic Agency 11/5/26: After an evening of frothy celebrations, Jewish Democrats wrestle with what’s next [“Moderate, conservative voices warn of the normalization of ‘untethered’ attacks on Israel“]
- Slow Boring 11/5/26: It’s so over for AIPAC – The rapid demise of the bipartisan pro-Israel consensus
- Raw Story 11/5/26: ‘It’s so over’: Once-feared lobby declared dead in new column after midterm shellacking
- CAIR 11/4/26: CAIR, CAIR Action Exit Poll: Gaza Genocide, Iran War, Economy, and Islamophobia Shaped Muslim Vote [“Exit Survey: Muslim Voters — Gaza, the War on Iran and Rising Islamophobia Brought American Muslims to the Polls“]
- Times of Israel/Reuters 11/4/26: After midterms, opposition leaders accuse Netanyahu of harming relationship with US [“Traditionally Israel’s strongest allies, Americans’ support for the Jewish state has wavered as Mideast wars, hard-right government alienate both Democrats and Republicans”]
- Sludge 11/4/26: The Money Behind Hakeem Jeffries [“Executives at Anduril and Palantir, crypto industry advocates, and investors giving through AIPAC helped fund the Democratic leader preparing to become speaker.“]
- Responsible Statecraft 11/4/26: AIPAC dumped more than $55 million into losing midterm races
- Mother Jones 11/4/26: Is AIPAC Okay? The influential lobbying group has gone silent after spending millions on losing races nationwide.
- J Street 11/4/26: Midterm Results Are a Resounding Victory for New Politics on Israel and Palestine [“J Street backed more than 200 endorsees and invested over $13 million in its largest-ever midterm effort; 98 percent of J Street-endorsed candidates are projected to win.“]
- Mother Jones 11/4/26: Is AIPAC Okay? [“The influential lobbying group has gone silent after spending millions on losing races nationwide.“]
- Times of Israel 11/4/26: After the Blue Wave: DC Stays if Israel Adapts
- Newsweek 11/4/26: Israel Skeptics Flood Congress in Stinging Defeat for AIPAC
- Fox Rochester 11/4/26: AIPAC says hundreds of pro-Israel Democrats and Republicans won in the midterm elections
- Fox News 11/4/26: DSA accused of ‘elevating’ antisemitic, pro-terror rhetoric after Hasan Piker hosts election stream [“ADL CEO Jonathan Greenblatt condemned the DSA’s decision to partner with controversial Twitch streamer Hasan Piker“]
- Israel Hayom 11/4/26: Israel lost Congress; will it use the next 2 years wisely? [“Israel has a last window of two years with a friendly but weakened president. If the war with Iran does not end well in that time, it will rebuild alongside Hezbollah and perhaps Hamas.“]
- Haaretz 11/4/26: Democrats Sweep Midterms, Setting the Stage for Transformation of U.S.-Israel Relationship
- Middle East Forum Insider 11/4/26: What the Democratic Congress Can and Cannot Do [“The Democrats won the House and the Senate. What the new committee chairmen can and cannot do about the Iran war, aid to Israel and the Islamists at home, what Texas changes, and the Democrats the Forum has worked with and will again.“]
- Algemeiner 11/4/26: We Studied AIPAC; I Left Class Thinking About Qatar
- Equator 11/4/26: The End of the 9/11 Era – Nikhil Pal Singh Interviewed by Jonathan Shainin – What the midterms say about Iran, Israel and America’s faltering politics of fear
- Jewish News Syndicate 11/4/26: ‘Put on a seat belt,’ brace for more danger to US Jews post-midterms, rabbi warns [“‘We have seen what happens when hatred of Jews moves from the fringes of society into organized political power,’ Rabbi Steven Burg of Aish told JNS.”]
- Jewish News Syndicate 11/4/26: US midterms and the test of democracy [“The growing influence of Muslim and progressive candidates hostile to Israel raises questions about antisemitism and the values underpinning Western democracy.“]
- Jewish Insider 11/4/26: Democrats sweep control of House, Senate in historic landslide [“But far-left lawmakers will have decidedly less leverage in the new Congress, outnumbered by the numerous red-state and red-district Democrats who won tough races by appealing to moderates”]
- Jewish News Syndicate 11/4/26: A Democratic-run Congress will target Israel as well as Trump [“The rout of the GOP by a party now dominated by ‘progressive’ and antisemitic foes of the Jewish state will impact the alliance as well as American Jewish life for the worse.”]
- Jewish News Syndicate 11/4/26: For first time in decades, Texas elects Dem to Senate, as GOP faces nationwide rout [“‘It’s going to be a very big night for Democrats, and a big night for Democrats in the House means that the half-a-dozen or so new DSA new members aren’t going to have much influence,’ Brian Romick, of Democratic Majority for Israel, told JNS.”]
- The Forward (JTA) 11/3/26: What would a Democratic majority mean for Chuck Schumer? [“As Democrats grow more divided over Israel, Schumer may have to choose between his longtime support for Israel and what his party wants”]
- The Forward 11/4/26: 6 Jewish takeaways from the midterm elections — What the Democratic landslide means for Trump, Netanyahu, Schumer – and Jewish presidential contenders
- Haaretz 11/4/26: Lander, Lasher, Biss and Moss: Meet Congress’ Newest Jewish Democrats [“The freshmen House members exhibit a range of attitudes about the U.S.-Israel relationship, including arms bans and the two-state solution“]
- Haaretz 11/4/26: DSA Scores Wins Nationwide, Sending Anti-Zionists to Congress [“Candidates who campaigned against U.S. military aid to Israel are poised to enter Congress, including two New Yorkers backed by Mayor Zohran Mamdani”]
- Associated Press 11/4/26: Residents of Jerusalem consider impact of US midterms as Democrats win control of Congress
- Jewish Insider 11/4/26: Vance blames GOP’s dismal midterm performance on Iran war, U.S.-Israel relationship
- The Forward 11/3/26: Why Nick Fuentes endorsed Democrats in the midterms [“Fuentes is still antisemitic, but he is frustrated with the Republican party’s support of Israel and war in Iran”]
- Jewish Insider 11/3/26: ADL chapters go on the offensive against slate of new far-left Dem House members [“The anti-hate group issued rare statements of concern about anti-Israel candidates across New York, New Jersey, Illinois, Pennsylvania and Colorado”]
- The Forward 11/3/26: DSA racks up wins in Congress as Democratic party shifts on Israel
- The Forward 11/3/26: The Democratic majority Chuck Schumer will lead has changed. Will he change with it? [“As Democrats grow more divided over Israel, Schumer may have to choose between his longtime support for Israel and what his party wants”]
- Jewish Currents 11/3/26: The Election Cycle That Shattered the Pro-Israel Consensus – The Democratic contests broke the ceiling for pro-Palestine progressives.
- eJewish Philanthropy (sister publication of Jewish Insider) 11/3/26: For Jewish funders, a sense of ‘political homelessness’ heading into consequential midterm elections [“The U.S. midterms and Israel’s deadlock add uncertainty, but could also push funders to become less shy about entering the political arena, JFN’s Spokoiny says”]
- Haaretz 11/3/26: What the 2026 Midterms Reveal About the American Jewish Vote
- Al Jazeera 11/3/26: How US midterms have cost a record $12bn as cost of living soars
- Jewish Insider 11/3/26: Jewish Insider’s scorecard for the 2026 midterms
- Haaretz 11/3/26: A New Class of Jewish Democrats Could Reshape Congress’ Approach to Israel
- Jewish Telegraphic Agency 11/3/26: Americans head to the polls in races with massive implications for US-Israel policy [“Control of Congress is up for grabs Tuesday following campaigns in which antisemitism, AIPAC and the Jewish state played starring roles.”]
- Jewish Telegraphic Agency 11/3/26: Democrats take Senate and House in shift that could push US further away from Israel [“First exit polls show typical partisan split among Jewish voters of 67% for Democrats and 32% for Republicans.“]
Israel/AIPAC in US elex & politics – GENERAL (PRE-ELECTION)
- The Atlantic 11/2/26: The Push to Lead the Working Class Without Workers [“Morris Katz played a key role in the Graham Platner fiasco. Now the midterms could hinge on his theory of politics.”]
- Times of Israel 11/2/26: El-Sayed, AIPAC, antisemitism and Israel: 5 US midterm races to watch
- Jewish Telegraphic Agency 11/1/26: ‘Politically homeless’ is the new mantra for American Jews. Will it change their vote? [“Heard in essays, sermons and on the campaign trail, the phrase captures a growing sense of estrangement among Jewish Democrats.“]
- The Intercept 10/30/26: How AIPAC and AI Spent Their Money This Midterm Election
- The Forward 10/30/26: Jewish Democrats head to the polls frustrated with their party. Will they still help flip control of Congress? [“Jewish voters remain overwhelmingly Democratic, but Republicans see an opening in key races where frustration over Israel and antisemitism could help determine control of Congress”]
- The New Republic 10/29/26: Democrats Have an Islamophobia Problem Too [“Centrist Democrats spent last year criticizing the party’s most visible Muslim candidate—and have done so again in 2026.”]
- The Washington Post 10/29/26: Meet Hasan Piker, the streamer dividing Democrats in the midterms
Israel/AIPAC in US elex & politics – California
- Truthout 11/5/26: AIPAC-Funded House Dem Loses to DSA-Backed Challenger in California [“Angela Gonzales-Torres is one of at least six DSA-backed candidates to win election to Congress this week.“]
- Jewish Telegraphic Agency 11/5/26: Wiener to hold Pelosi’s House seat after race in which both candidates condemned Israel [“Wiener’s victory marks the first time Northern California will be represented by an openly LGBTQ member of Congress, he said.”]
- Jewish Insider 11/4/26: Far-left challenger ousts Rep. Jimmy Gomez, as others lag in Dem-on-Dem races [“Angela Gonzalez-Torres campaigned repeatedly with Hasan Piker, and called for an arms embargo on Israel“]
Israel/AIPAC in US elex & politics – Florida
- Jewish News Syndicate 11/4/26: Florida Jewish Dem, strong Israel supporter, re-elected in redrawn district [“Rep. Lois Frankel’s campaign website said that she ‘believes that Israel’s security is our security, and Israel’s values are our values.‘”]
- The Forward (JTA) 11/4/26: Moskowitz wins Florida seat in race between two pro-Israel candidates
- The Forward (JTA) 11/3/26: Republican Israel supporter Ashley Moody projected to beat DSA candidate Angie Nixon [“Nixon became a Democratic Socialists of America member this year, but was not endorsed by the left-wing political organization”]
- Jewish News Syndicate 11/3/26: Wasserman Schultz, Moskowitz reelected in Florida in redrawn districts [“The two Jewish Democrats have been staunch supporters of Israel, even as some members of the House Democratic Caucus have criticized the Jewish state’s prosecution of the war against Hamas.”]
- Haaretz 10/29/26: Two Staunch Israel Supporters, One Uneasy Choice for South Florida’s Jewish Voters
Israel/AIPAC in US elex & politics – Georgia
- Times of Israel 11/4/26: Jewish Democrat Jon Ossoff, growing critic of Israel, holds Georgia Senate seat
- Jewish News Syndicate 11/3/26: Ossoff wins reelection in Georgia handily [“The Jewish Democratic senator, who is thought of as a potential 2028 presidential candidate, has said that ‘there is no doubt in my mind that Israeli forces prosecuting the war in Gaza violated the law of armed conflict and international humanitarian law.’”]
- The Forward/JTA 11/3/26: Jewish politicians Ossoff, Shapiro and Pritzker easily win races as control of Congress hangs in the balance [“The race pits Ossoff against Rep. Mike Collins, a pro-Israel Republican whose ties to white nationalists dogged his campaign”]
- Jewish Telegraphic Agency 11/3/26: Jewish Democrat Jon Ossoff holds Georgia U.S. Senate seat, hails ‘first sight of dawn’
- Jewish Telegraphic Agency 10/30/26: Ossoff vs. Collins: The choices facing Jewish voters in the Georgia Senate race
Israel/AIPAC in US elex & politics – Illinois
- i24 News (Israel) 11/5/26: Jewish congressman-elect Biss hits back after ADL Midwest voices “serious concerns” on election night [“Biss made opposition to AIPAC a central theme of his campaign after the lobbying group spent millions against him. The district’s electorate is 11% Jewish“]
- Jewish Telegraphic Agency 11/4/26: The ADL went after a progressive Jew as soon as he won his election. He clapped back. [“A regional ADL office said it had “serious concerns” about Daniel Biss, in Illinois.“]
- The Forward 11/4/26: This grandson of Holocaust survivors is headed to Congress. The ADL has concerns about his antisemitism record.
Israel/AIPAC in US elex & politics – Maine
- Jerusalem Post 11/2/26: Israel faces growing opposition in Congress as progressive Democrats seek House seats
[“The larger concern is the political message they could send to the next generation of Democratic leadership, particularly as the party begins positioning itself for the next presidential election.”] - Haaretz 11/1/26: Platner Is Out, but Troy Jackson Leaves Some of Maine’s Jewish Democrats Uneasy
- Portland Press Herald 10/31/26: Pro-Israel groups are spending big on Maine’s Senate race. Will it matter to voters? [“AIPAC is Susan Collins’ top campaign donor by a significant margin.”]
Israel/AIPAC in US elex & politics – Michigan (POST-ELECTION)
- Truthout 11/5/26: Dispatch From Dearborn: How El-Sayed Flipped Precincts That Had Voted for Trump [“Voters who spurned the Democratic Party in 2024 turned out en masse to elect Abdul El-Sayed in Michigan.“]
- Jewish News Syndicate 11/5/26: Jewish state senator wins election to succeed Stevens, who endorsed GOP candidate over El-Sayed, in Congress
- Politico 11/5/26: How Abdul El-Sayed actually did with Jewish voters [“Yes, he ran behind. In an interview, the senator-elect acknowledged Israel was a source of disagreement, but said he’s not changing his position.“]
- Jewish Insider 11/5/26: Some in Michigan Jewish community worried about future after El-Sayed victory [“Dem fundraiser David Kramer: If El-Sayed’s rhetoric drives security threats, ‘there’s going to be a real reckoning of what kind of place is this for our Jewish community’”]
- The Forward 11/4/26: The Michigan Senate race showed the exact wrong ways to fight antisemitism [“What Abdul El-Sayed’s victory — and the ugly campaign against him — ought to mean for Jewish voters.”]
- Haaretz 11/4/26: Abdul El-Sayed Shows Opposition to Israel Is No Barrier to Winning Battleground States [“The Democrats’ stunning victory in Michigan and beyond exposed the limits of the organized Jewish community’s political influence. The first Muslim elected to the Senate won despite AIPAC spending some $40 million against him“]
- Jewish News Syndicate 11/4/26: The stain on Michigan [“Jewish political loyalty should never be a substitute for Jewish self-respect.“]
- Jewish Currents 11/4/26: In Michigan, the Pro-Palestine Movement Claims Its Biggest Prize Yet [“Abdul El-Sayed’s Senate win shows how to beat MAGA, organizers say.”]
- Times of Israel 11/4/26: El-Sayed’s win changes the conversation on Israel — and Israel’s relationship with US Jews [“The Michigan Democrat’s victory elevates an opponent of Israel to the Senate, showing that his politics can win in a battleground state — and that the majority of Jewish voters will go along”]
- Times of Israel 11/4/26: El-Sayed’s candidacy split Michigan Jews, and the community is reeling [“Despite sharing some of his Israel-policy critiques, Jews have a hard time rallying around Senate candidate, with some convinced he wants to sever their ties to the Jewish state”]
- Times of Israel 11/4/26: Anti-Israel El-Sayed wins Michigan Senate race, pledges no money for ‘apartheid, genocide’ [“In apparent swipe at Israel, Democrat says tax funds should go to kids, ‘rather than dropping bombs’ on other people and their kids; chants of ‘Free Palestine heard during speech”]
- Jewish Insider 11/4/26: Mehdi Hasan tells Jewish advocates, lawmakers to ‘cry more’ after El-Sayed victory [“The Zeteo founder called out Josh Gottheimer, Debbie Wasserman Schultz, Jonathan Greenblatt, Hillary Scholten and others in a rant supporting El-Sayed’s win”]
- The Forward 11/4/26: El-Sayed declares victory in Michigan Senate race that left many Jews uneasy [“During his victory speech, chants of “Free Palestine” were heard throughout the crowd.”]
- Zeteo 11/3/26: First Draft: What About Arab and Muslim Safety? [“Prem reports on Election Day from Michigan, where Republicans have led a vicious Islamophobic campaign against Abdul El-Sayed.”]
- Jewish News Syndicate 11/3/26: 57% of Jewish early voters in Michigan went for El-Sayed, survey suggests [“’Jewish voters want to remain part of the big Democratic tent, but they expect their concerns about rising antisemitism, Israel and the treatment of their community to be taken seriously,’ the Jewish Majority said.”]
- Intercept 11/3/26: Abdul El-Sayed Wins Senate Seat With Pro-Palestine Campaign
- The Forward 11/3/26: Most Jewish voters backed El-Sayed, but many Michigan Democrats crossed party lines, early exit poll shows [“A survey of Jewish early voters found that many Democrats crossed party lines to back Republican Mike Rogers, largely over concerns about Israel and antisemitism”]
- Jewish Insider 11/3/26: El-Sayed saw significant erosion with Jewish early voters, per Michigan exit poll
[“The poll, commissioned by The Jewish Majority, found a 21-point gap in Jewish support for Democratic gubernatorial nominee Jocelyn Benson versus El-Sayed”] - Times of Israel 11/3/26: El-Sayed and Rogers face off in Michigan race which tested Democrats’ ties with Jews [“Heated midterm elections come to a head, with Democratic candidate’s pledge to oppose US aid to Israel and criticism of Jewish state pushing many Jewish voters to back GOP rival”]
- New York Times/Bret Stephens 11/3/26: What a Vote for Abdul El-Sayed Means
- Jewish Telegraphic Agency 11/3/26: All Jewish eyes are on Michigan as heated El-Sayed-Rogers Senate campaign draws to a close
Israel/AIPAC in US elex & politics – Michigan (PRE-ELECTION)
- New York Times 11/2/26: Democratic Divisions on Israel Come Thundering Back, in Preview of Fights to Come
[“A shattered alliance in Michigan between Dr. Abdul El-Sayed and his former primary rival, Representative Haley Stevens, underscored broader tensions in the party.”] - Jewish Telegraphic Agency 11/2/26: These Michigan rabbis couldn’t move El-Sayed. Undeterred, they’re starting a national movement.
- Jewish Telegraphic Agency 11/2/26: In Michigan, a Black conservative group pushes Jewish and pro-Israel messaging
- Middle East Eye 11/2/26: Aipac and the Michigan Senate race: How the Israel lobby became toxic
- Mondoweiss 11/2/26: Haley Stevens is trying to ratf–k the El-Sayed campaign over Israel
- The Intercept 11/2/26: Radical Centrists Like Haley Stevens Are the Real Extremists in the Democratic Party [“By endorsing Abdul El-Sayed’s opponent for Israel’s sake, Stevens shows how the real threat to progress comes from centrists.”]
- Jewish Insider 11/2/26: Michigan Jewish leaders predict significant swing toward Rogers in Jewish community
- Common Dreams 11/2/26: Two Registered Agents of Israel Are Working for Mike Rogers’ Senate Campaign
- Free Press 11/2/26: I Interviewed Haley Stevens at 11 PM on Her Fiancé’s Couch. Here’s Why She Broke with Abdul El-Sayed.
- Jewish News Syndicate 11/2/26: Trump touts reflecting pool, warns of ‘jihadists’ in Congress in closing speech before midterms
- The Forward 11/2/26: Haley Stevens cheered at Jewish day school after endorsing GOP Senate candidate
- Haaretz 11/2/26: ‘They’re Going to Blame Us’: Even Jewish Critics of El-Sayed Have Joined the Backlash Against Stevens
- Vanity Fair 11/2/26: Haley Stevens and a “Violent, Chauvinist Power”
- Responsible Statecraft 11/2/26: Stevens’ heel turn was entirely in line with her pro-Israel backers [“The Democrat’s sudden support for Mike Rogers is little more than a recognition of everything AIPAC and Co. has done for her”]
- Jewish Insider 11/2/26: Lawler blasts Schumer for supporting ‘vile antisemite’ El-Sayed [NOTE: Lawler lost, El-Sayed won….]
- Jewish News Syndicate 11/2/26: Democrats risk their own future by supporting El-Sayed and other radicals
- Jewish News Syndicate 11/2/26: The sacrifice of Haley Stevens and the future of the Democrats
- The Guardian 11/2/26: How Israel is at the heart of Haley Stevens’s extraordinary reversal
- Jewish News Syndicate 11/2/26: Dems trying to ‘make an example’ of Haley Stevens, experts say
- Jewish Insider 11/2/26: Haley Stevens explains her ‘decision of conscience’ to endorse Rogers
- Jewish Insider 11/2/26: El-Sayed defends harsher criticism of Israel than Saudi Arabia in ‘60 Minutes’ interview
- The Nation 11/2/26: Haley Stevens’s Betrayal Is a Fiasco for the Democratic Establishment
- The Forward 11/1/26: Haley Stevens shocks Democrats by endorsing Republican Mike Rogers. Her move could sway Jewish voters in Michigan.
- Common Dreams 11/1/26: AIPAC-Backed Stevens Denounced as ‘Traitor’ After Endorsing Pro-Trump Rogers in Michigan Senate Race
- Drop Site 11/1/26: Mike Rogers Campaign Spokesperson Is a Registered Agent for Israel, Documents Show
- New York Times 11/1/26: Inside the Abdul El-Sayed-Haley Stevens Meltdown in Michigan
- Jewish Insider 11/1/26: El-Sayed says Palestine has a right to exist, but puts conditions on Israel’s right to exist
- Jewish Insider 11/1/26: Liberal Jewish Nonnegotiable movement’s leaders discuss alternatives to voting for El-Sayed
- Jewish Insider 11/1/26: Haley Stevens endorses Mike Rogers: ‘I do not stand with Hasan Piker’
- Jewish News Syndicate 11/1/26: Democrat Haley Stevens endorses Republican Mike Rogers in Michigan Senate race
- The Intercept 10/31/26: Centrist Democrats Would Rather Lose the Senate Than Win With El-Sayed [“With Haley Stevens’s demand for an apology from the candidate who beat her, the party’s moderates are making clear they’d rather lose than empower a progressive wing critical of Israel.”]
- Times of Israel 10/31/26: Hasan Piker compares Michigan Jewish voters to Ku Klux Klan ahead of El-Sayed Senate vote
- Jewish Insider 10/31/26: Fetterman: Haley Stevens holding El-Sayed accountable for his ‘fixation with Jewish money’
- Washington Post 10/31/26: El-Sayed asks Stevens to stay away as Democrats’ attempt at unity blows up
Israel/AIPAC in US elex & politics – New Jersey
- Indivisible 11/4/26: Indivisible-Endorsed Candidate Analilia Mejia Wins in New Jersey’s 11th Congressional District
- Jewish News Syndicate 11/3/26: Gottheimer reelected in New Jersey [“The Jewish Democrat had 72.8% of the vote, with about 30% of votes counted.”]
Israel/AIPAC in US elex & politics – New York
- Haaretz 11/5/26: New York Republicans Courted Jewish Voters Over Israel and Mamdani. They Still Lost
- Jewish Telegraphic Agency 11/4/26: Republican Lawler concedes to Democrat Conley in fierce battle for Jewish vote in NYC suburbs [“Both candidates were staunchly pro-Israel in a district where one in five residents are Jewish.“]
- Times of Israel 11/4/26: Mamdani-backed anti-Israel leftists cruise to easy wins for US House seats in NY [“Avila Chevalier, Lander and Valdez secure spots in Congress after hard-fought primary campaigns earlier this year; Governor Hochul, a moderate, defeats Jewish opponent Blakeman”]
- Religion News Service 11/4/26: Is Brad Lander, a pro-Palestinian liberal Zionist heading to Congress, the future of Jewish Democrats?
- The Forward 11/4/26: Republican Lawler concedes to Democrat Conley in fierce battle for Jewish vote in NYC suburbs [“Both candidates were staunchly pro-Israel in a district where one in five residents are Jewish”]
- Jewish Insider 11/3/26: Suburban NY districts vote in moderate Dems, oust moderate Republican amid blue wave
- Jewish News Syndicate 11/3/26: ‘All voting machines were down,’ Jewish poll-watcher in Westchester, NY tells JNS [“‘I think when they say, ‘Vote or die,’ for Jews, that might be literal,’ said Lauren Feuer of New Rochelle, who is watching the polls for the Republicans.”]
- New York Times 11/2/26: The Democratic Party Is Slowly Losing Jewish Support in New York
- The Forward 11/1/26: These rivals in a close House race agree on Israel. They’re fighting over who Jewish voters can trust.
- The Atlantic 11/1/26: The Questions Adam Hamawy Won’t Answer [“He’s likely to end up in Congress. He still hasn’t fully accounted for why he once kept company with the man known as the Blind Sheikh.”]’
- Haaretz 10/31/26: ‘I Feel So Abandoned’: The New York Jewish Democrats Planning to Vote Republican
Israel/AIPAC in US elex & politics – Ohio
- Jewish News Syndicate 11/5/26: Jewish congressman reelected in Ohio despite GOP redistricting
- Jewish Telegraphic Agency 11/2/26: Ohio Senate race between Israel supporters becomes proxy battle for AIPAC versus J Street
Israel/AIPAC in US elex & politics – Pennsylvania
- Jewish Insider 11/3/26: Fetterman, McCormick condemn planned rally against Jewish-owned Philly businesses
Israel/AIPAC in US elex & politics – Texas
- Haaretz 11/1/26: For Texas Jewish Voters, Israel Sharpens the Choice Between Talarico and Paxton [“One Houston voter left the Senate race blank. Another voted Republican for Senate for the first time. But for some younger Jewish Texans, Talarico’s call to halt offensive weapons sales to Israel is a reason to back him”]
Israel/AIPAC in US elex & politics – Virginia
- Jewish News Syndicate 11/4/26: Pro-Israel Jewish Dem wins back her former Virginia congressional seat
Other Stuff
- Washington Free Beacon 11/5/26: ‘Squad’ Alum Cori Bush Registers as Paid Foreign Agent, Will Lead Anti-Israel Propaganda Tours of West Bank for Shadowy NGO [from the archives: ince 2000, nearly 100 former lawmakers have become lobbyists for countries like Saudi Arabia and China in Washington. (Responsible Statecraft 6/28/22)]
- Jerusalem Post 11/1/26: US House committee report found systemic antisemitism, lack of response to concerns within APA